If the 1918 Great Flu Pandemic has shown us anything, it is that we can't let our guard down.
With solemn ceremonies, countries around the globe have been marking the 100th anniversary of the end of World War I, the bloody war to end all wars. But it is also the centenary of another frightful milestone, the Great Flu Pandemic of 1918.
It is estimated that the war claimed the lives of 8.5 million combatants, but that number is dwarfed by the 50 million to 100 million people who died as a result of the worldwide plague. And millions more were infected but survived the then mysterious disease that mistakenly was dubbed the Spanish flu even though it did not originate there.
Philadelphia was at the epicenter of the outbreak in October 1918. Corpses could not be buried fast enough and packing crates had to be used because there were not enough coffins, according to the National Archives.
The pneumonia-inducing virus also was virulent in New Jersey, home to then Camp Dix and other military installations where crowded conditions provided a perfect breeding ground for the disease.
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By the time the pandemic petered out in 1919, roughly one fifth of the world's population was infected by the influenza.
The confounding characteristic of this rapidly spreading illness is that it struck down many normally healthy young people who would normally be the least likely to get sick.
It was only much later that researchers came to pin the blame on a virus designated as H1N1.
Here it is 100 years later, and the pandemic is still a part of our collective memory because so many of us had a family member who contracted the deadly disease.
What was so terrifying about this outbreak is that no one really knew what caused it or how best to treat it.
We see similar situations today when we are confronted by such epidemics as the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, that can lead to AIDS, the most advance stage of the HIV infection.
When the AIDS epidemic hit the United States in the late 1970s and early 80s, it caused panic, with people shunning anyone suspected of having it.
Today we know AIDS is caused by a virus and, while there is no cure, there are now effective treatments.
If there is a positive legacy from the 1918 pandemic, it is that we can lick these diseases if we put our minds and wallets to it.
Unlike 1918, today we have a better understanding of virus-born illnesses. That comes from years of painstaking research, which has yielded new treatments and even vaccines.
Because of our dealing with these outbreaks, we have a more robust infrastructure in place to deal with epidemics. In the United States, we have the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and internationally we have the World Health Organization. We also have better trained first responders and health-care workers.
Will we be subjected to new viral outbreaks in the future? That seems to be almost a certainty given the vast number of viruses out there and their ability to mutate.
If the 1918 pandemic has shown us anything, it is that we can't let our guard down in combating the next outbreak. Public-health programs need adequate funding and our support.
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